Feasibility of detecting snake envenomation biomarkers from dried blood spots

Biofluid proteomics is a sensitive and high throughput technique that provides vast amounts of molecular data for biomarker discovery. More recently, dried blood spots (DBS) have gained traction as stable, noninvasive, relatively cheap source proteomic identification in disease injury. Snake envenomation responsible significant morbidity mortality worldwide; however, much remains unknown about the systemic response to acquiring biological samples analysis major hurdle. In this study, we utilized DBS acquired from case lethal rattlesnake determine feasibility discovering biomarkers associated with human envenomation. We identified proteins were either unique or upregulated envenomated compared non-envenomated evaluated if physiological pathways protein markers correspond observed syndromes triggered by could be detected. demonstrate provide useful information on processes resulted find evidence massive inflammatory cascade, combined coagulation dysregulation, complement system activation, hypoxia apoptosis. also detected potential indicative anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, brain death. Ultimately, has stable pathways, which particularly relevant low-resource areas may lack materials biofluid processing storage.